The causes of hypertension are unknown in 95% of patients. In 5% of cases, some specific conditions can be responsible like kidney disease, atherosclerosis and hormonal imbalance. There are also several risk factors that may increase the chances of developing hypertension including diabetes, obesity, and a strong family history of the disease.
It is important to understand that the blood pressure varies throughout the day depending on what a person is doing. For example, when exercising, feeling stressed, or in pain, blood pressure will increase temporarily for the duration of the condition. In these instances, there is no need for any medical attention. Treatment is only needed if the blood pressure is always higher than normal.