半月板撕裂
什么是半月板撕裂？
半月板是一小块 C 型软骨，充当膝关节的缓冲垫。它可保护膝关节免受磨损，并帮助稳定膝关节。
股骨和胫骨之间有 2 块半月板。一块位于膝盖内（内侧），另一块位于膝盖外（外侧）。
半月板撕裂是指膝盖中的一块软骨受伤和撕裂。
半月板撕裂有哪些症状？
膝盖半月板撕裂具有以下症状：
- 膝盖活动困难
- 感觉膝盖交锁或卡住
- 感觉膝盖发软或无法支撑体重
- 活动范围受限
- 膝盖两侧疼痛，尤其是接触时
- 有爆裂感，表明一块软骨松动
- 关节力线部位肿胀
- 关节力线部位压痛
半月板撕裂有哪些病因？
当膝盖承受压力并旋转或扭转而足部保持原地不动时，就会发生半月板撕裂。即使是跪下、蹲下或提举重物等简单的日常动作也可能导致半月板撕裂。
半月板撕裂有哪些风险因素？
半月板撕裂是最常见的膝关节损伤之一。任何年龄段的人群都容易出现这种疾病，尤其是参与身体接触运动项目的人群。
半月板撕裂的高风险人群包括：
- 参与身体接触运动项目或需要做旋转动作的运动项目（如网球和篮球）的运动员
- 体重超重人群
- 老年人群，膝盖更容易出现退行性变化
半月板撕裂有哪些并发症和相关疾病？
半月板撕裂可能会造成长期问题。撕裂的半月板在软骨上不断发生摩擦，可能导致关节表面磨损，从而引发 膝关节骨性关节炎。
本页面已经过我们的医疗内容审核员审核。
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