喉（喉头）癌
什么是喉癌？
喉癌（或喉部癌症或喉头癌）是指喉部组织的异常生长。当喉部细胞不受控制地分裂并产生额外组织时，这种生长就被称为肿瘤。喉癌可以发生在声带上或声带上方。喉癌是新加坡常见的头颈癌，与吸烟密切相关。
喉癌的类型
喉癌分为 3 种类型：
- 声门癌，累及声带
- 声门上癌，累及声带以上的组织
- 声门下癌，累及声带以下的组织
喉癌有哪些症状？
喉癌的症状包括：
- 颈部肿块
- 血性鼻涕
- 吞咽困难或吞咽疼痛
- 耳痛
- 声音改变或者嘶哑
喉癌的病因是什么？
喉癌的确切病因尚不清楚，但一些因素会增加罹患喉癌的风险，如吸烟和酗酒。
喉癌有哪些风险因素？
吸烟和酗酒是喉癌的主要风险因素。
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