膀胱癌是指膀胱组织的异常生长,膀胱是位于骨盆内的器官。当膀胱中的细胞不可控地分裂并产生额外的组织时,就会发展成赘生物,也称为肿瘤。
仅局限于膀胱壁内膜的膀胱癌称为浅表性膀胱癌。但是,如果癌症扩散到肌肉壁和其他器官(包括肺、肝和骨骼),则称为浸润性膀胱癌。
膀胱癌分为 3 种类型:
此癌症在分泌粘液的腺体中形成。
此癌症从器官内壁上的细胞发展而来。
此癌症发生于泌尿系统。
膀胱癌的具体病因尚不明确。不过,有多种因素与膀胱癌风险增加存在关联。包括:
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